Las Funciones Auditivas Centrales
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51445/sja.auditio.vol2.2003.0025Palabras clave:
Trastornos de las Funciones Auditivas Centrales, Test Dicóticos, Test Monóticos, Test de Integración Binaural, Procesamiento Temporal, Pruebas Electrofisiológicas., Transtornos de las Funciones Auditivas Centrales, Test Dicóticos, Test Monóticos, Test de Integración Binaural, Procesamiento Temporal, Pruebas electrofisiológicasResumen
Los Trastornos de las Funciones Auditivas Centrales (TFAC) resultan de un déficit en el procesamiento sensorial que afecta a la escucha, la comprensión del habla y el aprendizaje. Estos déficit son producto de la incapacidad o falta de habilidad para atender, discriminar, reconocer o comprender la información de origen auditivo. El estudio de las funciones auditivas centrales resulta compleja toda vez que no constituye una entidad unitaria atribuible a una sola categoría nosológica. Los déficit observados en el procesamiento de la información auditiva a nivel central pueden expresarse de muy distinta forma y responder a múltiples etiologías. El estudio de la audición como fenómeno central implica una aproximación desde una perspectiva funcional que requiere de un acercamiento a la audición como proceso y un amplio conocimiento acerca de las correspondencias anatómico funcionales de la audición. La evaluación audiológica de estos trastornos comprende el uso de pruebas psicoacústicas y electrofisiológicas seleccionadas según la historia clínica del paciente. Las intervenciones propuestas para los pacientes diagnosticados con TFAC se basan en la utilización de los recursos centrales en la mejorara de las capacidades lingüísticas y cognoscitivas, desarrollo de aptitudes auditivolingüísticas, desarrollo del metalenguaje, utilización de estrategias compensatorias y desarrollo de estrategias de escucha y metacognición.
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