Fiabilidad y validez en los potenciales evocados auditivos del tronco cerebral
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51445/sja.auditio.vol9.2025.114Keywords:
Auditory Brainstem Response, reliability, validity, sensitivity, specificityAbstract
Electrophysiological recordings allow for the assessment of the functional integrity of both peripheral and central auditory structures. Among these, Auditory Brainstem Responses (ABRs) are a key tool for studying the neurophysiology of auditory pathways. The low amplitude of the recorded signal and the presence of noise require the use of procedures that optimize the quality and definition of the obtained recordings.
This study focuses on evaluating the reliability and validity of the recorded brain activity, essential aspects for ensuring the quality of the measurement. Reliability is analyzed using indicators such as the standard deviation ratio (SDR) and the correlation coefficient between two replicate average waveforms (CCR), which assess the consistency and reproducibility of the responses. The application of weighted averaging techniques optimizes the signal-to-noise ratio, enabling the acquisition of more stable and precise recordings.
Convergent validity assesses the correlation between electrophysiological and behavioral tests in measuring the same construct, in this case, auditory perception. On the other hand, criterion validity evaluates the degree to which a test correlates with an established reference measure, such as a clinical diagnosis of hearing loss. This study reviews the usefulness of ABRs in estimating the auditory threshold, analyzing their sensitivity and specificity for detecting hearing loss. Additionally, various methodological strategies aimed at optimizing the quality of the recordings are examined, with their implementation contributing to improved diagnostic accuracy.
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